Presentation On Requirements Engineering Processes Download
Requirements Engineering Processes Presentation Transcript:1.Requirements Engineering Processes
2.ObjectivesTo describe the principal requirements engineering activities and their relationshipsTo introduce techniques for requirements elicitation and analysisTo describe requirements validation and the role of requirements reviewsTo discuss the role of requirements management in support of other requirements engineering processes
3.Topics coveredFeasibility studiesRequirements elicitation and analysisRequirements validationRequirements management
4.Requirements engineering processesThe processes used for RE vary widely depending on the application domain, the people involved and the organisation developing the requirements.However, there are a number of generic activities common to all processesRequirements elicitation;Requirements analysis;Requirements validation;
5.The requirements engineering process
6.Requirements engineering
7.Feasibility studiesA feasibility study decides whether or not the proposed system is worthwhile.A short focused study that checksIf the system contributes to organisational objectives;If the system can be engineered using current technology and within budget;If the system can be integrated with other systems that are used.
8.Feasibility study implementationBased on information assessment (what is required), information collection and report writing.Questions for people in the organisationWhat if the system wasn’t implemented?What are current process problems?How will the proposed system help?What will be the integration problems?Is new technology needed? What skills?What facilities must be supported by the proposed system?
9.Elicitation and analysisSometimes called requirements elicitation or requirements discovery.Involves technical staff working with customers to find out about the application domain, the services that the system should provide and the system’s operational constraints.May involve end-users, managers, engineers involved in maintenance, domain experts, trade unions, etc. These are called stakeholders.
10.Problems of requirements analysisStakeholders don’t know what they really want.Stakeholders express requirements in their own terms.Different stakeholders may have conflicting requirements.Organisational and political factors may influence the system requirements.The requirements change during the analysis process. New stakeholders may emerge and the business environment
11.The requirements spiral
12.Process activitiesRequirements discoveryInteracting with stakeholders to discover their requirements. Domain requirements are also discovered at this stage.Requirements classification and organisationGroups related requirements and organises them into coherent clusters.Prioritisation and negotiationPrioritising requirements and resolving requirements conflicts.Requirements documentationRequirements are documented and input into the next round of the spiral.
13.Requirements discoveryThe process of gathering information about the proposed and existing systems and distilling the user and system requirements from this information.Sources of information include documentation, system stakeholders and the specifications of similar systems.
14.ATM stakeholdersBank customersRepresentatives of other banksBank managersCounter staffDatabase administrators Security managersMarketing departmentHardware and software maintenance engineersBanking regulators
15.ViewpointsViewpoints are a way of structuring the requirements to represent the perspectives of different stakeholders. Stakeholders may be classified under different viewpoints.This multi-perspective analysis is important as there is no single correct way to analyse system requirements.
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Top Ten Benefits of an ENGINEERING CAREER PPTDownload
Top Ten Benefits of an ENGINEERING CAREER Presentation Transcript:1.Top Ten Benefits of an ENGINEERING CAREER
2.NUMBER TENBecause we are in a time of rapid social and technological changes, the need for engineers to think creatively is greater now than ever before.
3.Technological and Scientific DiscoveryDo you know why golf balls have dimples on them? Do you know what a laser is or how a computer works? Do you know why split level houses experience more damage in earthquakes? An engineering education can help you understand how these, and many other things in the world, WORK.
4.Professional EnvironmentEngineers are treated with respect and have certain freedoms in your work. You will have influence in what happens in your company. You will have many opportunities to learn and grow through your work.
5.PrestigeEngineers play a primary role in sustaining our nation’s international competitiveness, maintaining our standard of living, ensuring a strong national security, and protecting public safety.
6.Financial SecurityWhile financial security should not be your only reason for choosing a career in engineering, if you decide to become an engineer you will be well paid. Engineering graduates receive the highest starting salary of any discipline.
7.Potential to Benefit SocietyAs an engineer, you can choose to work on projects that clearly benefit society, such as cleaning up the environment, developing prosthetic aids for disabled persons, developing clean and efficient transportation systems, and increasing the standard of living in underdeveloped countries.
8.Intellectual DevelopmentAn engineering education will “exercise” your brain, developing your ability to think logically and solve problems
9.Challenging WorkIn the engineering work world, there is no shortage of challenging problems. There will be no single answer, no answer in the back of the book, no professor to tell you that you are right or wrong. You will be required to devise a solution and persuade others that your solution is the best one.
10.Variety of Career OpportunitiesWhat do Neil Armstrong, Jimmy Carter, and Alfred Hitchcock have in common? Though the eventually chose very different careers – an astronaut, a president, and a filmmaker. They all started with an engineering career.
11.Job SatisfactionStudies show that , by far, the No. 1 cause of unhappiness among people in the U.S. is job dissatisfaction. It is important to find a career that provides you with enjoyment and satisfaction. Engineering provides a satisfying field of work for numerous reasons, some of which were listed here.
12.SuggestionsMake sure to cite your source for your information, even if it is all from VCSUNo 10 is capitalized, but the others are not.Slide 4 has navigation buttons that need to be removed.Slide 8 needs to have the word “four” capitalized
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Writing Engineering Reports PPT Download
Writing Engineering Reports Presentation Transcript:1.Writing Engineering Reports
2.OverviewThis presentation will cover:Report purpose and planningReport format and organizationHeadings and languageVisual designSource documentationFinishing touches
3.Report PurposeDescribe researchExplain problem or issue studiedDiscuss research methodDescribe data collectedDescribe research findingsExplain implications
4.Inform readers of research results precisely, concisely, and specificallyThey shouldn’t have to read whole report to get essential points
5.Report PlanningBefore writing, consider:Why you are writingWhat you hope to achieveWho you are writing for
6.Report Format and OrganizationReports generally include these sections in this order:AbstractIntroductionLiterature ReviewMethodologyResultsDiscussionConclusion
7.Report Format and OrganizationBut be aware that order is flexible in that sections can be combinedSome journals combine introduction and literature review Others have the results and discussion combined
8.AbstractAlways comes first Microcosm of entire paper – contains key info from each sectionContains essential information only – it is brief!Covers research highlightsGives the research problem and/or main objective of the research Indicates the methodology usedPresents the main findings and conclusions
9.A nonlinear finite element procedure for the pre- and postbuckling analysis of thin-walled box-section beam-columns is presented. The influence of local plate buckling upon the overall ultimate buckling behavior of the member is incorporated in the analysis by adopting a set of modified-stress – versus – strain curves for axially loaded plates. Factors such as residual stresses, associated with hot-rolled and cold-formed sections, and initial geometrical imperfections areAccounted for in the analysis. A number of examples are presented to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the method.From “Elasto-Plastic Analysis of Box-Beam-Columns Including Local Buckling Effects” in Journal of Structural Engineering.
10.Background/IntroductionExplains the research problem and its contextExplains importance of the problem (Why does it matter? Why is more information needed?)Explains reason and goals for studyExplains the limitations of the research performed
11.Literature ReviewSummarizes and evaluates the literature that you have used in your study by considering:How that literature has contributed to your area of researchThe strengths and weaknesses of previous studies How that literature informs your own research and understanding of the research problem
12.MethodologyExplains how data was gathered/generatedExplains how data was analyzedAssumes reader understands materialDoes not include explanatory material Is in past tense and passive voice “A 1” piece of coil was cut”The research has been carried outIt is the research, and not your activities, that are of interest
13.Results Visually and textually represents research findingsVisual representation of results:Graphs, tables, diagrams, chartsExplanatory text:Text points out the most significant portions of research findings Indicates key trends or relationshipsHighlights expected and/or unexpected findings
14.DiscussionAssesses and comments on research resultsIncludes:Explanation for ResultsComments on unexpected results, offering hypothesis for themComparison to literature Does your research confirm previous studies? Deviate from them?Explanation for how info can be applied in broader context
15.Summary Discusses:What was learned through researchWhat remains to be learnedWeaknesses and shortcomings of studyStrengths of studyPossible applications of study (how it can be used)Recommendations
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Presentation On Web Engineering Download
Web Engineering Presentation Transcript:1.Web Engineering
2.WebE is the process used to create high quality Web-based applications (WebApps) WebE draws heavily on the principles and management activities found in software engineering processesThere are things that make WebE a unique endeavor
3.WebE Process OverviewFormulation of the problemPlanningWebApp requirements analysisArchitectural, navigational, and interface designSystem implementation using specialized languages and tools associated with the WebConfiguration management, quality control, and maintenance mechanisms are established early
4.WebApp AttributesNetwork intensive Content-driven Continuous evolution Immediacy Security Aesthetics
5.WebE Application CategoriesInformationalDownloadsCustomizableInteraction User input Transaction-oriented Service-orientedPortalDatabase access Data warehousing
6.WebApp Enabling TechnologiesComponent-based development Security (encryption, firewalls, etc.) Internet standardsWeb programming tools
7.WebE Process Model: FormulationGoals and objectives, scope for first incrementWhat is the motivation for the WebApp? Why is the WebApp needed? Who will use the WebApp? Informational goals user's intention for using the content Applicative goals ability to perform tasks within the WebApp
8.WebE Process Model: PlanningEstimate project costEvaluate risksDefine finely granulated schedule for first incrementDefine coarser schedule for subsequent increments
9.WebE Process Model: AnalysisEstablishes requirements and identifies content itemsContent analysiscontent provided by WebApp is identifiedInteraction analysis use-cases developed to describe user interactionFunctional analysisusage scenarios used to define operations and functions applied to WebApp content Configuration analysis WebApp environment described in detail
10.WebE Process Model: EngineeringContent design and production tasks are one threadArchitectural design, navigation design, interface are the other thread
11.WebE Process Model: Page Generation and TestingContent and technical designs are merged to produce executable web pagesTesting exercises WebApp navigation, attempts to uncover errors in applets/scripts/forms, and checks for environment incompatibilities
12.WebE Process Model: Customer Evaluation Each increment of the WebApp is reviewedChanges required by customer are applied to next increment
13.WebE Best PracticesTake time to understand the business needs and product objectives, even if WebApp details are vague.Describe how users will interact with the WebApp using a scenario-based approach.Develop a brief project plan.Spend time modeling what you are going to build.
14.WebE Best PracticesReview models for consistency and quality.Use tools and technology that enable you to construct the system with as many reusable components as possible.Don’t rely on users to debug the WebApp, design comprehensive tests and execute them before releasing the system.
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Presentation On Role of a StudentDownload
Role of a Student Presentation Transcript:1.Role of a Student
2.StudentA person formally engaged in learning, study, investigation, or examining of something thoughtfully.
3.Role: Characteristics, Expected Behavior and Duties attached to a social status.
4. Role of a studentRealization Setting of appropriate Aims and ObjectivesTime ManagementPunctualityRegularityObedience and Respect Efficiency
5.We need to realizeStudents of today are the leaders of tomorrow…….A Nation without Literacy is just like a Vehicle without Fuel…
6.Leaving all the work till the end would increase the burden..And can result in physical and Mental disturbance…Planning is required..
7. Rights of StudentsIts not all about the roles and duties..Students should be provided with an environment that enables effective learning and encourages Active Participation.
8.Student Responsibility doesn’t just happen, we must expect it, Foster it and Nurture it…!!
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Presentation On Introduction To Renewable EnergyDownload
Introduction To Renewable Energy Presentation Transcript:1.Renewable Energy
2.Present Energy ResourcesFossil fuels - coal, oil, gas are all of limited amounts. Cant be replaced.Nuclear fuels -limited amounts of uranium for nuclear fission reactors but reprocessing of fuel possible.Difficult to estimate how long these fuels will last - but is it sustainable economically or environmentally?
3.Renewable EnergyWhat is renewable energy?What forms does it take?Why is it needed?Targets exist for renewable energy to generate 10% of electricity by 2010 and 20% by 2020!Can these be achieved?What forms of renewable energy will deliver these targets?
4.Forms of Renewable EnergyAll sources of energy ultimately come from the sun.This is particularly obvious in the case of renewable energies.
5.Solar cellsconvert light into a small electrical output -milliwatts output.need a bank/array of cells for useful output.cost of cells is high but reducing.efficiency of cells is up to 23%/ improving.
6.Solar Panelsare situated on roof of building.absorb heat in the form of radiation from sun.basically system is like a domestic central heating radiator painted black/insulated.provides “topping up” of domestic hot water.
7.Solar Roof tiles (Solar Grants now available)
8.Wind Turbines
9.WindpowerEach windturbine can produce between 1/4 and 2 MW of electrical power.Windfarm needs to be located where there is a relatively high average wind speed.Advantages?Disadvantages?
10.Offshore Wind Turbines
11.Offshore Wind Cluster FeaturesLarger average wind speed than onshoreEasier planning consentTechnical expertise exists from oil rig experienceSuitable location
12.Tidal PowerLocated at some coastal sites - usually estuaries and bays with large tidal range.Shape of coastal site above and below sea level determines range eg Bay of Funday, Severn. At high tide reservoir of water is created which is allowed to ebb through turbines located in dam.Expensive construction.
13.Biomass Plant in FifePlant burns poultry litter and produces 10MW of electricity and fertiliserFluidised bed boiler ensures efficient burning and low emissions
14.ConclusionsMajor difficulties in attaining target of 10% of electricity generated by renewables by 2010Main contributors to this target will be :-Offshore and Onshore windfarms/clustersBiomass/wood, straw, etcPhotovoltaicBut policies like Climate Change Levy and the Renewables Obligation will help establish renewables.
15.Relevant Websiteswww.dti.gov.uk/industries_energy (for energy statistics, indicators, new and renewable energy) www.cabinet -office.gov.uk/innovation/2000/energy/energyscope.shtmlwww.offshorewindfarms.co.ukwww.britishwindenergy.co.uk www.bwea.comwww.energy-efficiency.gov.ukwww.guardian.co.uk/renewables
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Story of the Red Paper Clip Download
Red Paper Clip Presentation Transcript:1.Story of the Red Paper Clip
2.How it all began …On July 12, 2005, while living in Montreal, Kyle Macdonald launched an unlikely sequence of online trades which would earn both him and the town of Kipling Saskatchewan Canada places in the Guinness Book of World Records.
3.Starting with a single red paper clip, the young entrepreneur began “trading up”
4.Kyle traded the paper clip for a fish-shaped pen
5.The fish shaped pen for a unique door knob
6.The door knob for a camp stove
7.The camp stove for a generator
8.Which was traded for a keg party !
9.Other trades were for a snowmobile, and a snowmobiling adventure to Yahk British Columbia Canada
10.And it continues A cube van, a recording contract, a year’s condo rental in Phoenix, Arizona USA
11.for a day with Alice Cooper !
12.NextThe entrepreneur arranged for a double switch with Actor-Director Corbin Bernsen, an avid collector, who agreed to accept a “KISS” snow globe in exchange for a role in an upcoming Hollywood movie
13.The movie role was offered online and Bert Roach, who was Kipling’s Economic Development Officer at the time, proposed to Council that an offer be made.
14.The Final Trade After some negotiation, Kipling traded the house at 503 Main Street in exchange for the movie role. That final trade was made on July 12, 2006, one year to the day after Kyle Macdonald had begun his world record trade sequence with a single paper clip. The house itself is now most often referred to as “The Red Paper Clip House”.
15.With terms As a part of the terms of the trade, Kipling also erected the World’s Largest Red Paper Clip, which was unveiled July 12, 2007.
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